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芬蘭Kibron專注表面張力儀測量技術(shù),快速精準(zhǔn)測量動靜態(tài)表面張力

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界面張力儀的校準(zhǔn)方法及其性能影響分析與研究

來源:馬興 郭貴勇 瀏覽 1536 次 發(fā)布時間:2022-11-18

摘要:介紹了界面張力儀的工作原理和用途,建立了界面張力儀校準(zhǔn)結(jié)果的測量模型,分析了各不確定度分量主要來源,結(jié)合測量實例具體數(shù)據(jù),對其合成不確定度進行分析評定,對各不確定度分量進行計算并得出合成不確定度和擴展不確定度,最終可得出該項目的校準(zhǔn)測量能力,為我國電力、石油、化工、鐵路等行業(yè)提供的技術(shù)支撐。

關(guān)鍵詞:界面張力儀校準(zhǔn)方法測量性能影響不確定度評定

中圖分類號:TH871文獻標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1672-3791(2020)01(a)-0064-02

Abstract:This paper introduces the working principle and application of the interface tension instrument,establishes the measurement model of the calibration results of the interface tension meter,analyzes the main sources of each uncertainty component,analyzes and evaluates the synthetic uncertainty combined with the concrete data of the measurement example,calculates each uncertainty component,obtains the synthetic uncertainty and extended uncertainty.Finally,the calibration and measurement ability of the project can be obtained.Overall,this paper can provide strong technical support for chemical industry,railway and other industries in our country.

Key Words:Interface Tensiometer;Calibration Method;Measurement;Performance Impact;Evaluation of Uncertainty

分子間的作用力形成液體的界面張力或表面張力,張力值的大小能夠反映液體的物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)及其物質(zhì)構(gòu)成,是相關(guān)行業(yè)考察產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的重要指標(biāo)之一。界面張力儀由張力測量裝置、試驗臺、可控移動裝置及鉑金環(huán)或鉑金板組成界面張力儀采用圓環(huán)法在非平衡的條件下,測量各種液體表面張力(液-氣相界面)及礦物油與水的界面張力(液—液相界面)。該儀器廣泛適用于電力、石油、化工、鐵路等行業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程與產(chǎn)品中界面張力的測定[1-3]。

1界面張力儀的校準(zhǔn)

界面張力儀是采用圓環(huán)法在非平衡的條件下,測量各種液體表面張力及礦物油與水的界面張力,能可靠的指示出親水氧化物的存在情況。對界面張力儀的校準(zhǔn)研究院用專用砝碼(最大秤量:1000g,MPE:±0.1%)直接測量張力儀,測量3次,其3次測量的算術(shù)平均值與理論值之差即為張力儀張力值的示值誤差[4,5]。

2界面張力儀的示值誤差不確定評定

2.1測量模型

△=-F(1)

式中:△為張立儀的示值誤差;

為張力儀示值的算術(shù)平均值;

F為根據(jù)專用砝碼質(zhì)量計算的理論張力值。

其中,張力儀的理論張力F:

(2)

式中:m為專用砝碼質(zhì)量;

g為校準(zhǔn)點重力加速度;

S為對應(yīng)鉑金環(huán)的計算常數(shù),由制造商提供。

2.2標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度分量的評定

2.2.1輸入量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度u()的評定

的不確定度主要包括張力儀的測量重復(fù)性引入的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度和張力儀示值分辨力引入的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度。

2.2.2張力儀示值重復(fù)性引入的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度u(1)

選一臺張力儀,用1g標(biāo)準(zhǔn)砝碼進行連續(xù)3次測量,得到測量列見表1。

在實際測量中,在重復(fù)性條件下重復(fù)測量3次,考慮為均勻分布,極差系數(shù)C=1.69,因此:

=0.007mN/m(3)

2.2.3張力儀示值分辨力引入的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度u(2)

張力儀示值分辨力為r=0.01mN/m,將其看作均勻分布:

mN/m(4)

2.2.4輸入量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度u()

mN/m(5)

2.3輸入量F的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不確定度u(F)的評定

u(F)的評定:理論張力值的擴展不確定度控制在張力儀允差絕對值0.5%F/3以下,顧可忽略其對校準(zhǔn)結(jié)果的影響。

2.4擴展不確定度評定

取包含因子k=2,則擴展不確定度為:

U=k·.u()=0.02mN/m(6)

2.5張力儀各測量點測量結(jié)果不確定度評估

根據(jù)JJF 1464-2014《界面張力儀校準(zhǔn)規(guī)范》規(guī)定,張力儀的測量范圍為20~500mN/m,其測量不確定度見表2。

3結(jié)語

保證界面張力儀的準(zhǔn)確性,通過校準(zhǔn)等方法實現(xiàn)量值的溯源性,在電力、石油、化工、鐵路等行業(yè)的質(zhì)量控制中起到重要作用;該文介紹省計量科學(xué)研究院對界面張力儀儀進行校準(zhǔn)方法和不確定度評定方法。

參考文獻

[1]國家質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗檢疫總局.JJF 1464-2014,界面張力儀校準(zhǔn)規(guī)范[S].北京:中國質(zhì)檢出版社,2014.

[2]劉宏生.高溫高壓潤濕性及界面張力儀功能擴展的探討與應(yīng)用[J].石油工業(yè)技術(shù)監(jiān)督,2016(5):1-3.

[3]吳一慧,王尤富,董智清,等.用SITE-04型張力儀測定界面張力影響因素研究[J].石油天然氣學(xué)報,1998(1):50-53.

[4]牟菡渝.三元復(fù)合驅(qū)表活劑界面張力影響因素初步研究[J].中國石油和化工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與質(zhì)量,2012,32(7):24.

[5]周小江.界面張力儀校準(zhǔn)裝置示值誤差測量值的不確定度評定[J].計量與測試技術(shù),2017(7):53-54.

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